Instructions for Submission

GENERAL GUIDELINES

1. Conducting Research

1) General Guidelines

All of the manuscripts should be prepared in strict observation of research and publication ethics guidelines recommended by the Council of Science Editors (http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/); International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org); World Association of Medical Editors (WAME, http://www.wame.org); and the Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, https://www.kamje.or.kr/en/main_en).

2) Reporting Standards

Authors of original research reports should present an accurate account of the work performed, as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be accurately represented in the paper. The paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Reviews and professional publication articles should also be accurate and objective, and editorial “opinion” works should be identified as such.

3) Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

If the work involves chemicals, procedures, or equipment that have unusual hazards inherent to their use, the author must clearly identify these hazards in the manuscript. If the work involves the use of animal or human subjects, the author should ensure that the manuscript contains a statement indicating that all procedures were performed in compliance with relevant laws and institutional guidelines, and that the appropriate institutional committee(s) has approved them.

Authors should include a statement in the manuscript indicating that informed consent was obtained for experimentation on human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed.

(1) Human Subjects:

Any study which includes human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible institutional review board (IRB). Please refer to the principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki (http://www.wma.net/e/policy/b3.htm) for all investigations involving human materials.

The editor of The Journal of Bacteriology and Virology (JBV) may request that copies of informed consents from human subjects in clinical studies or IRB approval documents be submitted.

(2) Clinical Data Sharing

JBV accepts the ICMJE Recommendations for data sharing statement policy (http://icmje.org/icmjerecommendations.pdf). All manuscripts reporting clinical trial results should submit a data sharing statement following the ICMJE guidelines from January 1, 2017. Authors may refer to the editorial, “Data Sharing statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors,” in J Korean Med Sci Vol. 32, No. 7:1051-1053 (http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1051&domain=pdf&date_stamp=2017-06-05).

(3) Animals

Studies involving animals must be conducted according to internationally-accepted standards. Authors must obtain prior approval from their Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) or equivalent ethics committee(s) and perform in accordance with the IACUC guidelines to ensure the welfare of experimental animals. The approval must be described in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript. Also studies with pathogens requiring a high degree of biosafety should pass the review of a relevant Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC).

(4) Description of Participants

Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases, e.g., prostate cancer. Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

4) Use of Patient Images or Case Details

Studies on patients or volunteers require ethics committee approval and informed consent, which should be documented in the paper. Appropriate consents, permissions, and releases must be obtained for situations in which the author would like to include case details, other personal information, or images of patients and any other individuals in an JBV publication. Written consents must be retained by the author and copies of the consents or evidence that such consents have been obtained must be provided to JBV upon request.

Particular care should be taken when obtaining consent for the following situations: when children are involved (in particular, cases in which the child has special needs or learning disabilities); when an individual’s head or face is visible; and when reference is made to an individual’s name or other personal details.

JBV accepts the registration in any of the primary registries that participate in the WHO International Clinical Trials Portal (see http://www.who.int/ictrp/about/details/en/index.html), as well as NIH ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/); ISRCTN register (www.ISRCTN.org); the University Hospital Medical Information Network (www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index/htm); the Netherlands Trial Register (http://www.trialregiaster.nl/trialreg/index.asp); and the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp) of the Korea National Institute of Health.

5) Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT)

JBV requires compliance with some or all of the following reporting guidelines:

• CONSORT for reporting of randomized controlled trials (http://www.consort-statement.org/)
• STARD for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies (http://www.stard-statement.org/)
• STROBE for reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (http://www.strobe-statement.org/)
• PRISMA for reporting of systematic reviews (http://www.prisma-statement.org/)
• MOOSE for reporting of observational studies (http://www.emgo.nl/kc/Analysis/statements/MOOSE.pdf)
• GLOBAL ADVANCES in Health and Medicine for reporting clinical cases (http://www.gahmj.com)

6) Settlement of Any Misconduct

The settlement of any misconduct follows the corresponding guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/).

EDITORIAL POLICY

Aims and Scope

The Journal of Bacteriology and Virology (JBV) is published by the Korean Society for Microbiology and the Korean Society for Virology. The JBV publishes the manuscripts of Review articles, Research articles, Research Update (Correspondence), and Letters to the Editor that report novel findings of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms and their interactions with hosts and environments.

Originality

Papers that report novel and significant scientific findings in microbiology, host-pathogen interactions, and immunology will be considered and accepted for publication in JBV. Any manuscript submitted to JBV must report original research. JBV accepts a submitted manuscript on the condition that the presented work has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. This rule also applies to non-English language publications.

Authorship

Credit for authorship should be based on the four criteria: (1) substantial contributions to conceptualization, design, and the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) drafting of the article or revising it critically for significant intellectual content; (3) final approval of the version to be published; and (4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Any contributions for the paper which do not fit all four of these criteria should be listed in the “Acknowledgements” of the paper.

JBV follows the recommendations for authorship established by the ICMJE, 2013 (http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf) and Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals 2nd Edition (KAMJE, 2013, http://kamje.or.kr/data/guide(2).pdf). Also, JBV accepts notice of equal contribution for the first author.

- Corresponding author

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all the listed authors have agreed to all of the content, including the author list and author contribution statements and approved the manuscript submission to the journal. The corresponding author is also responsible for managing all communication between the journal and all co-authors before and after publication.

- Changes to authorship

To avoid any possible dispute during processing, changes to authorship (e.g., including or excluding an author, changing the order of authors’ names or affiliation number) during revision must be agreed upon by all authors and brought to the editor’s attention in the cover letter submitted with the revised version. New authors must also confirm that they fully comply with the journal’s authorship requirements.

Plagiarism and Permission

Author(s) must do their best to avoid plagiarism. Plagiarism is the use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and their representation as one’s own original work. Plagiarism is not limited to the text. Author(s) may not use any part of a manuscript, including figures and tables, from another publication without permission. Author(s) cannot reuse their previously published work without a specific address; this is considered self- plagiarism. Fabrication, manipulation, and falsification of data are also viewed as misconduct in JBV. Submitted manuscripts are screened for possible plagiarism or duplicate publication using similarity check once received. If plagiarism or duplicate publication is detected, the manuscript may be rejected. Author(s) must respond to requests from the JBV editors when the original data and research notes require verification.

Conflict of Interest

Author(s) must agree to disclose all affiliations, funding sources, and financial or management relationships that could be perceived as potential sources of bias. Conflicts of interest should be noted in the manuscript (after the “Acknowledgements”). If an undisclosed competing interest comes to light after publication, JBV will take action in accordance with internal policies and the Committee on Research Ethics guidelines. In cases where the author(s) have no conflicts of interest to report, a statement to that effect can be automatically generated in the final publication version of the article.

Research Ethics

All of the manuscripts should be prepared in strict observation of research and publication ethics guidelines recommended by the Council of Science Editors (https://www.councilscienceeditors.org/); International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org); World Association of Medical Editors (WAME, https://www.wame.org); and the Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, https://www.kamje.or.kr/en/main_en). The details are described in Ethical Policy.

Any study which includes human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible institutional review board (IRB). The editor of JBV may request that copies of informed consents from human subjects in clinical studies or IRB approval documents be submitted.

For the polices the research and publication ethics of JBV, ‘Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (http://kamje.or.kr/intro.php?body=publishing_ethics.html)’ or ‘Guidelines on good publication (http://publicationethics.org/guidelines)’ can be applied.

Gender Equity

Clearly describe the selection of observational or experimental participants (healthy individuals or patients, including controls), including eligibility and exclusion criteria and a description of the source population. Because the relevance of such variables as age, sex, or ethnicity is not always known at the time of study design, researchers should aim for inclusion of representative populations into all study types and at a minimum provide descriptive data for these and other relevant demographic variables. Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender.

If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases, (e.g., prostate cancer).” Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing

The below guidance only refers to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyse and draw insights from data as part of the research process.

Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language. Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier’s AI policy for authors.

Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.

Disclosure instructions

Authors must disclose the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in the core manuscript file, before the References list. The statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process’.

Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS

1. General:

Manuscripts prepared in either Korean or English are both acceptable. In any cases, the abstract, figure legends, and tables should be written in English. Manuscripts may be editorially rejected on the basis of poor English or a lack of format conformity to the instructions. The format of research article should be up to 5,000 words, including abstract (excluding references and figure legends). No limitations are in figures and tables.

The manuscript should be prepared using a word processor (MS word), and typed in a font 12 of Batang for Korean and a font 12 of Times New Roman for English. Academic terms should follow the standards described in the Scientific Technical Terminology Editions of Education Ministry or the recent edition of the Medical Terminology of Korean Medical Association.

The manuscript type should be double spaced throughout the references, tables, footnotes, and figure legends sections with a minimal margin of 2.5 cm all around an A4 size paper. The manuscript should have a row number and a page number. All pages of the manuscripts should be numbered in sequence starting from the title page as number 1.

2. Research articles:

Start each section on a separate sheet and arrange the manuscripts in the following order:

1) Cover letter: The manuscript should be accompanied by a cover letter including title of the manuscript, name of the corresponding author, complete names of institutes, addresses, telephone number, and e-mail addresses of the corresponding authors and a short summary.
2) Title Page: The title page should contain the title of the manuscript, names of the authors, corresponding authors indicated by asterisk, complete names of all institutes and their full address (ex. Republic of Korea), telephone number, and e-mail address of the corresponding authors with a short running title (less than 5 words).
3) Abstract: The abstract should be written in English, contain no more than 250 words, and be presented succinctly and clearly for the purposes, methods and procedures, and significant results of the experiments. Abbreviations and references should be avoided. A list of less than five key words should also be included at the bottom of the abstract page.
4) Introduction: The introduction should state a brief background, other works in the same field, and the purpose of the investigation. In order to report any personal designs for special experimental procedures, authors should justify their own techniques by elucidating related results or theoretical background. The introduction, however, does not need to include experimental results in detail.
5) Materials and Methods: The materials and methods section should include sufficient technical information stated clearly to facilitate repeated experiments. For commonly used materials and methods, a simple reference of the original paper is sufficient. New methods should be described completely and sources, compositions, companies, and characteristics of unusual materials should be given in detail. The names of species, genotype, restriction enzymes, etc. should be typed in italics. Authors should provide the name of the manufacturer and their location, and all drugs should be identified by their pharmaceutical names, and by their trade name if relevant. (e.g. manufacturer, location, country)
6) Results: The results section should include clear experimental results and short conclusions that come directly from acceptable rationales. Reserve extensive interpretation of the results or expecting results based on the hypothesis for the discussion section of the manuscript. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate.
7) Discussion: The discussion section should provide a reasonable interpretation based on the experimental results to the conclusions in relation to previously published works. Authors are encouraged to describe the comparative analyses between the results and possible conclusions based on their rationale of the present study. It should not contain extensive repetition of the results section or reiteration of the introduction.
8) Conclusions: The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
9) Author contributions: For transparency, the journal requires corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output. The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles.
10) Funding source: List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder’s requirements.
11) Conflict of interest: Corresponding authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. All authors should provide the relevant information to the corresponding author (which, where relevant, may specify they have nothing to declare). The following statement should be presented ‘The author(s) declare no conflicts of interest’, If no conflicts of interest exist.
12) Acknowledgements: Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the paper before the references and do not include them on the title page. List here those individuals who provided help during the research.
13) References: See section 6.
14) Figure legend: See section 7.
15) Figure: See section 8.
16) Table: See section 9.

3. Review Articles:

It should contain more than 3,000 words in English or Korean, except abstract and references. It starts each section on a separate sheet and arranges the manuscripts in the following order:

1) Cover letter: Same as in Research Articles
2) Title Page: Same as in Research Articles
3) Abstract: The abstract should be written in English, contain no more than 250 words, and be presented succinctly and clearly for the contents of the reviews. A list of less than five key words should also be included at the bottom of the abstract page.
4) Introduction: The introduction should state a brief background, other works in the same field, and the purpose of the review.
5) Body: The main part of the review article should provide topics of the reviews by organizing with subheadings and paragraphs.
6) Conclusions: The conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusion section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Body.
7) Author contributions, Funding source, Conflict of interest, and Acknowledgements sections: Same as in Research Articles.
8) References: See section 6.
9) Figure legend: See section 7.
10) Figure: See section 8.
11) Table: See section 9.

4. Research Update (Correspondence):

It should contain more than 1,500 words in English or Korean, or more than 10 pages except references. It starts each section on a separate sheet and arranges the manuscripts in the following order:

1) Cover letter: Same as in Research Articles
2) Title Page: Same as in Research Articles
3) Abstract: Same as in Review Articles
4) Introduction: The introduction should state a brief background, and the purpose of the review. It should contain less than three paragraphs.
5) Body: Same as in Review Articles
6) Closing Remarks: The Closing Remarks should provide the summary and integrates the points discussed in the review. It should contain less than three paragraphs in the Body section.
7) Author contributions, Funding source, Conflict of interest, and Acknowledgements sections: Same as in Research Articles.
8) References: See section 6. The number of the references should not be more than 30.
9) Figure legend: See section 7.
10) Figure: See section 8.
11) Table: See section 9.

5. Letters to the Editor:

Letters to the Editors should contain less than 1,500 words in English or Korean. It starts each section on a separate sheet and arranges the manuscripts in the following order:

1) Cover letter: Same as in Research Articles
2) Title Page: Same as in Research Articles
3) Abstract: The abstract should be written in English, contain no more than 250 words. A list of less than five key words should also be included at the bottom of the abstract page.
4) Body: This section should be presented authors’ concern over particular research issues or to highlight core issues in the microbiology and immunology fields.
5) Author contributions, Funding source, Conflict of interest, and Acknowledgements sections: Same as in Research Articles.
6) References: See section 6. The number of the references should not be more than 10.
7) Figure legend: See section 7.
8) Figure: See section 8.
9) Table: See section 9.

6. References:

References should be numbered consecutively in the text as parenthesis (NLM style).

They should be listed in the references section. Journal names in the references section should be abbreviated in accordance with Index Medicus style. All other references should be listed as shown in “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals. 5th ed” (JAMA 1997; 277:927-34). Unpublished data or personal communications can be listed only with the author’s written permission.

Follow the styles shown in the examples below:

All authors should be listed for papers with up to six authors; for papers with more than six authors, the first six only should be listed, followed by ‘et al’

- Journal articles: Park J, Shin E, Yeom JH, Choi Y, Joo M, Lee M, et al. Gold nanoparticle-DNA aptamer-assisted delivery of antimicrobial peptide effectively inhibits Acinetobacter baumannii infection in mice. J Microbiol. 2022;60(1):128-136.
- Book: Kozak CA, Rowe WP. Chromosomal mapping of ecotropic and xenotropic leukemia virus inducing loci in the mouse. In: Fields B, Jaemisch R, editors. Virology. 3rd ed. New York: Academic Press; 1980. p.171-80.
- Meeting abstracts, posters, and presentations:
Dhole, A., Ortega, I., & Berauer, C. (1989). Effect of oxygen on in vitro growth of Mycobacterium leprae. 89th Annu. Meet. Am. Soc. Microbiol. Washington DC, USA.
- Company publications: Sigma Chemical Co. (1989). Sigma manual. Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
- Theses and dissertations: Smyth, D. R. (1972). Ph.D. thesis. University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Preprints: Wang, Y. & Rozen, D. (2016). Colonization and transmission of the gut microbiota of the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides, through development. bioRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/091702.
- Internet source: Available at http://www.who.int/whosis/en/menu.cfm [accessed on 1 April 2009].

7. Figure Legend:

In any cases of manuscripts, figure legend should be described in English on a separate sheet according to the order of figures. Figure legends must be brief, specific, and numbered using Arabic numerals in the order of their appearance in the text and should include a short title after the figure number. For flow cytometry experiments, authors should specify the gating strategies in the Materials and Methods or in the figure legend.

8. Figures:

Tag each figure with its own order number (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, ---). Figure file must be submitted as a separate file. High-resolution figures that meet the following specifications must be submitted:

• Color: Color figures must be within the RGB color spectrum.
• File Sizes: Figure files should not exceed 10 MB.
• Image Sizes: Figure images should be prepared with the PDF layout in mind, and individual figures should not be longer than one page and with a width of 18 cm.
• File Format: Figures should be in TIFF, EPS, or PDF format. PowerPoint format is not suitable, as its resolution is too low for printing.

9. Tables:

Tables must include enough information to warrant table format. Tables should be supplied in MS Word or Excel format, and must be editable (not inserted as a picture). Each table should be numbered in sequence using Arabic numerals (i.e., Table 1, 2, 3, etc.). Each table should be placed on a separate page. The headings should be sufficiently clear so that the meaning of the data will be understandable without reference to the text. Explanatory footnotes should be related to the legend or table using superscript, lower-case letters and should not include detailed descriptions of the experiment. All abbreviations should be defined after the footnotes, below the table.

10. Abbreviations and Unit:

All abbreviations used in the text repeatedly should be fully described when used at first, and introduced in parentheses. Abbreviations are not allowed in the title.

It is possible to use international or standard symbols or units without any additional descriptions (example: μl, ml, μg, U, h, min, sec, ℃, Ci, cpm, etc). Isotope-labeled chemicals or compounds should be typed in the chemical formula (e.g., 14CO2, [14C]-urea, [methyl-14C]-methionine).

Conventional standard abbreviations should be used when abbreviation is justified. For further information, author(s) are directed to the instructions of the American Society for Microbiology (https://journals.asm.org/abbreviations-conventions).

SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS

General information for initial submission

Authors should submit their manuscripts to the JBV Editor’s Office online. Please log onto the site http://www.ksmkorea.org or https://ksov.org, and upload the manuscript following the on-screen instructions. Alternatively, authors may send the manuscript containing the whole text, figures, and tables directly to Editor’s Office by e-mail. However, on-line submission is strongly recommended.

Checklist for submission

The provided checklist format should be submitted by referring to the manuscript submission criteria of the JBV when submitting a manuscript.

Submission of revised manuscripts

When paper is returned to author(s) for revision, author(s) will be given three months after receipt of the reviewers’ comments to revise the paper. Authors submitting a revised manuscript after review are asked to include the following:

• A rebuttal letter, indicating point-by-point how you have addressed the comments raised by the reviewers. If you disagree with any of the points raised, please provide adequate justification in your letter.
• A marked-up version of the manuscript that highlights changes made in response to the reviewers’ comments in order to aid the Editors and reviewers.

EDITORIAL PROCESS OF SUBMITTED MANUSCRIPTS

Review Process

When a manuscript is submitted to JBV via either online or e-mail, the Editorial Office checks if the manuscript was prepared according to the guidelines, gives it a manuscript number and assigns it to one of the members of the editorial board. The manuscript number should be referred to in any subsequent communications between the corresponding author and the editor or the Editorial Office. All manuscripts are reviewed confidentially by members of the editorial board or by qualified reviewers. The reviewers process the submitted manuscript under the Guidelines for Reviewers and are expected to complete their reviews as soon as possible.

Decision

The corresponding author is generally notified of the editor’s decision to accept, reject, or require modification or revision by the editor or the Editorial Office. Manuscripts that have been rejected may be resubmitted once the major criticisms have been properly addressed. When a manuscript is returned to the corresponding author for modification or revision, it should be returned to the editor within 3 months, or it may be considered withdrawn. The author(s) should supply the Response to the Reviewers and a letter or certificate for English editing (if requested by the Editorial Office) along with the modified or revised manuscript. As with the initial submission, resubmitted manuscripts should be accompanied by a cover letter stating that the manuscript is a resubmission and describing briefly the changes made. When an editor has decided that a manuscript is acceptable for publication, the corresponding author and the Editorial Office will be notified. If necessary, the corresponding author will be asked to re-edit the manuscript.

ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTS FOR PUBLICATION

After acceptance

Upon acceptance, the article will be exported to Production to undergo typesetting. Once typesetting is complete, you will receive the proof reading as well as copyright transfer and payment of article processing charge.

Proof reading

The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor. After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum.

Copyright transfer

The corresponding author is responsible for signing a Lisence to Publish agreement on behalf of all the authors. This agreement form is sent to the corresponding author when the manuscript is accepted and scheduled for publication. Unless the signed agreement form is received, JBV will not publish the manuscript.

Article processing charge

All accepted manuscripts less than six pages are currently charged 300,000 won, and 40,000 won for each additional page in excess of 6. Corresponding authors are required to pay an extra non-profit expense for color illustrations or special prints when required by authors. Reprints of the articles in multiples of 50 are available to the authors for a cost. The APC must be paid before publication of the articles. There is no waiver, discount, or refund.